Phytochemicals With Antimicrobial and Resistance-Modifying Activities

Abstract

Phytochemicals, naturally occurring compounds found in plants, have garnered significant attention in recent years for their potential antimicrobial properties and ability to modify resistance mechanisms. These bioactive substances can disrupt microbial growth and proliferation through various modes of action, including the interference with bacterial cell wall synthesis, inhibition of enzyme activity, and modulation of biofilm formation. Moreover, certain phytochemicals have been shown to enhance the efficacy of conventional antibiotics, offering a promising avenue for combating antibiotic resistance—one of the most pressing global health challenges. Continued exploration of phytochemicals could contribute to the development of novel antimicrobial agents, ultimately enhancing public health outcomes. This chapter elucidates on the recent trends in phytochemicals with antimicrobial and resistance-modifying activities. It also discusses the mode of action as antimicrobial agents and thus addresses the future directions and challenges.