Phytochemical profile, <i>in vitro</i> antioxidant and antibacterial activities of different extracts of an Algerian endemic: <i>Teucrium atratum</i>

Abstract

<i>Teucrium atratum</i> Pomel. is a species belonging to the Lamiaceae family used in Algerian folk medicine. The present work essentially aimed to assess the phenolic composition and to evaluate some of the biological effects of different extracts, never previously studied, of <i>T. atratum</i> growing in Algeria. High levels of total phenolic and flavonoids were recorded in the hydromethanolic extract. Chlorogenic acid, isoquercetin, coumarin, cinnamic acid, quercetin dihydrate, and catechin were identified in the methanolic extract by mean of HPLC. The antioxidant activity assessed showed that the methanolic extract was the most active, while, the hydromethanolic extract showed a great power to reduce iron. In addition, all extracts had a significant antibacterial effect against the four tested bacterial strains, with <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> as the most sensitive one. These findings can be a starting point to evaluate the plant as a source of natural bioactive compounds with antioxidant and antibacterial effects.