Physico-chemical and mechanical properties of periodontal barrier membrane

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to fabricate and characterize a novel periodontal barrier nanofibers-based bio-membrane using electrospinning. Materials and Methods: The matrix solution was prepared from poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) incorporating hydroxyapatite, hyaluronic acid, collagen, L-arginine and vanillin to fabricate composite membrane. Subsequently the elemental analysis, viscosity, conductivity and surface tension of solutions before spinning were evaluated. The physicochemical and mechanical properties were characterized using UV-VIS spectroscopy, scan electron microscope (SEM), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and tensile strength. Data were expressed as mean and standard deviation (±SD). P values < 0.05 were considered significant. Results: The results revealed that the composite solution surface tension was reduced while its viscosity and conductivity elevated, indicating that the SEM confirmed a successful fabrication of nanofibers. The average nanofibers diameter increased from 150 nm ± 31.2 to 341 nm ± 43.8 after addition of the biomolecules. Also, this study demonstrated that the calcium/phosphorus (Ca/P) encapsulated in fibrous material. The maximum absorption of dissolved composite membrane showed ultraviolet absorption at 345 nm. Furthermore, the tensile strength of composite membrane was slightly higher than that of pure PVA membrane. Conclusions: The nanofibers were successfully embedded in each other and the flexibility of the membrane increased when the biomolecules were added, which may provide ease of use during application in tissue/bone regeneration and showed improvements in the mechanical properties such as tensile strength and elastic modulus. Membranes with better mechanical qualities can now be created by electrospinning incorporating of bio-ceramics and other molecules with polymers.