Performance evaluation of Osprey optimization algorithm-based proportional integral derivative controller for speed control of a brushless direct current motor

Abstract

Owing to diversity of application, speed regulation of Brushless Direct Current (BLDC) motor is essential in order to achieve best performance of the motor. In this paper, an appropriately tuned controller such as Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) is employed to achieve effective speed control of the motor. In tuning the parameters of PID controller, conventional techniques often pose great difficulties due to non-linearity often exhibited by DC motors. As a solution, metaheuristic optimization techniques are adopted to optimally tune the PID controller parameters for optimal performance of the BLDC motor in terms of speed. Thus, Osprey Optimization Algorithm (OOA) tuned PID controller (OOA-PID) was used to achieve better performance of BLDC motor speed. Kirchoff’s Voltage Law and Newton’s second law of motion were employed to derive the BLDC motor mathematical model. The PID mathematical equation was also described and an optimization model was formulated using the Integral of Time Multiplied Absolute Error (ITAE) and optimized using OOA. The performance of the OOA-PID controller with BLDC motor was evaluated using performance metrics such as rise time, settling time, overshoot and steady state error. Simulations were done using MATLAB (R2021b). Simulation result shows that an OOA-PID controller gave better response when compared with existing ziegler Nichols PID (ZN-PID) used for the same purpose.