article · IEEE Access
This research evaluates an adaptive multiple-input multiple-output free-space optical communication link designed to overcome atmospheric turbulence. The system combines orbital-angular-momentum multiplexing, spatial-mode multiplexing, and spatial-mode diversity with adaptive equalization techniques. Through simulation models, the setup tests transmission over a two-kilometre link using four orbital-angular-momentum channels on a single 1550-nanometre wavelength. Each channel carries a 100-gigabit-per-second quadrature phase-shift keying signal, achieving an aggregate data rate of 400 gigabits per second. The results demonstrate that the combination of spatial-mode multiplexing, diversity, and adaptive equalization reduces power penalties by one to four decibels across all channels at a bit-error rate of 10 to the power of minus nine. Furthermore, the architecture outperforms conventional multiple-input multiple-output systems in bit-error rate, channel capacity, and signal-to-noise ratio under turbulent atmospheric conditions.
Free-space optical communications offer high-speed wireless connectivity, but atmospheric turbulence often degrades signal quality and introduces crosstalk. By integrating orbital-angular-momentum multiplexing with adaptive signal processing, wireless optical links can maintain stable, ultra-high-capacity data transmission across several kilometres. This helps mitigate the physical distortions caused by turbulent weather, supporting reliable, high-bandwidth connections in environments where deploying physical optical fibre is impractical.
The design applies to high-capacity wireless telecommunications, appealing primarily to network equipment manufacturers and telecommunications operators seeking high-bandwidth backhaul or interconnect solutions. Because the presented results rely entirely on numerical and software-based simulations, the technology remains at an early research stage. Significant experimental prototyping and real-world atmospheric testing are needed before it can be considered for practical implementation in commercial optical products.
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In this paper, we propose an adaptive multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) free-space optical (FSO) links using an orbital-angular-momentum (OAM)-multiplexed based on the spatial-mode multiplexing (SMM) through the turbulent channel. We propose to use the SMM and spatial-mode diversity (SMD) combined with an adaptive MIMO technique to mitigate the atmospheric turbulence effects. In this paper, our objective is to design the adaptive MIMO-FSO links based on OAM-MIMO/SMM multiplexed and analyze its performance in the atmospheric turbulence conditions. The simulation results show four OAM modes-based MIMO/SMM and resulting in four OAM-multiplexed channels. Each OAM mode carries a 100-Gbit/s quadrature phase-shift keying signal (aggregate 400 Gbit/s) on a single wavelength channel (λ ~ 1550 nm) and is transmitted for a 2-km link. The calculated received power and inter-channel crosstalk of an OAM-MIMO/SMM signal fluctuate by 4.5 -6 dB, respectively. The power penalties can be reduced by 1-4 dB for all channels after OAM-MIMO/SMM equalization at a bit-error rate (BER) of 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-9</sup> . The calculating results show that the system using an OAM-based MIMO/SMM and SMD multiplexing achieves superior BER performance using an adaptive MIMO/SMM equalization. The Numerical results show favorable transmission performance of OAM based on MIMO/SMM and the SMD multiplexing compared to the conventional-MIMO (CMIMO) of FSO transmission link. The Simulation models verified the superior BER performance of OAM-SMD-based MIMO/SMM. The SMM/MIMO-SMD technique performed better in the channel capacity and signal-to-noise ratios over other commonly used CMIMO algorithms. To sufficiently discuss the OAM-MIMO/SMM behavior-based SMD multiplexing, the performance of the novel SMM/MIMO-SMD technique is analyzed using simulations based on the Matlab/simulink program in order to verify the accuracy of the models and simulation results. This paper could be useful for the practical implementation of the SMM and the SMD using an adaptive MIMO equalization in the FSO systems.
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DOI: 10.1109/access.2019.2924531
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