article · Minerals
Particle swarm optimisation has been used to analyse high-quality magnetic survey data collected from the Precambrian Obudu basement complex in Nigeria. The method was deployed to estimate five critical subsurface parameters: model depth, index angle, amplitude coefficient, shape factor, and origin location. These properties were derived across four profiles set perpendicular to observed magnetic anomalies, with profile lengths ranging between 2,500 and 5,600 metres. The calculated depths of the magnetic bodies varied from approximately 394 metres to 561 metres beneath the surface. Across all four profiles, the estimated shape factors ranged from 0.96 to 1.26, indicating that the underlying magnetic sources resemble thin geological sheets. Quantitative evaluation showed that the particle swarm optimisation technique operated rapidly and proficiently when inverting the magnetic survey parameters.
Understanding the shape, depth, and orientation of buried geological structures is essential for subsurface mapping. By demonstrating that particle swarm optimisation reliably and rapidly extracts physical parameters from magnetic anomalies, this work shows an efficient computational method for interpreting geophysical survey data and identifying hidden structural features such as thin rock sheets.
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The particle swamp optimization procedure was applied to high-quality magnetic data acquired from the Precambrian Obudu basement complex in Nigeria with the object of estimating the distinctive body parameters (depth (z), index angle (θ), amplitude coefficient (K), shape factor (Sf), and location of the origin (x0)) of magnetic models. The magnetic models were obtained from four profiles that ran perpendicular to the observed magnetic anomalies within the study area. Profile A–A’ with a length of 2600 m is characterized by inverted model parameters of K = 315.67 nT, z = 425.34 m, θ = 43°, Sf = 1.15, and x0 = 1554.86 m, while profile B–B’ with a length of 5600 m is described by K = 257.71 nT, z = 543.75 m, θ = 54°, Sf = 0.96, and x0 = 3645.42 m model parameters. Similarly, profile C–C’ with a length of 3000 m is defined by K = 189.53 nT, z = 560.87 m, θ = 48, Sf = 1.2, and x0 = 1950 m. Profile D–D’, which is well-defined by a 2500 m length, started at the crest of the observed magnetic anomaly and displays inverted model parameters of 247.23 nT, 394.16 m, 39°, 1.26, and 165.41 m. Correlatively, the estimated shape factor of the four models (Sf = 1.15, 0.96, 1.2, and 1.26) shows that the magnetic models are linked to thin sheets. Furthermore, quantitative interpretations of the models show that the PSO operation is rapid and proficient.
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DOI: 10.3390/min13091209
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