article · 3 Biotech
Extract from the nests of paper wasps has been used to biosynthesise silver nanoparticles with diverse functional properties. Analysis revealed crystalline, polydispersed nanoparticles ranging in size from 12.5 to 95.55 nanometres, exhibiting multiple shapes including spheres, triangles, hexagons, rods, and rhombuses, mediated by phenolic compounds and proteins. In laboratory evaluations, the synthesised nanoparticles demonstrated potent antibacterial activity against multidrug-resistant strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella granulomatis. They also suppressed the growth of fungal pathogens, completely halting Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus niger, and inhibiting Aspergillus fumigatus by over 75 per cent. Additionally, the nanoparticles achieved 93.1 per cent degradation of malachite green dye. In hematological tests, the material prevented blood coagulation and completely dissolved preformed blood clots within five minutes, demonstrating strong anticoagulant and thrombolytic potential alongside its antimicrobial and catalytic capabilities.
Multidrug-resistant bacterial infections, fungal diseases, industrial dye pollution, and blood clotting disorders present widespread medical and environmental challenges. By using natural nest extracts rather than harsh chemicals, this bio-based synthesis method produces multifunctional silver nanoparticles capable of addressing bacterial resistance, wastewater contaminants, and thrombosis, offering a versatile platform for multiple sectors.
This work points toward prospective applications in antimicrobial therapeutics, industrial wastewater treatment, and medical treatments for thrombosis. Potential users include pharmaceutical developers, clinical researchers, and environmental remediation companies. Because the findings are based entirely on early-stage laboratory assays of antimicrobial, catalytic, and clot-dissolution activities, the technology remains at an early discovery stage and requires extensive safety and efficacy testing before real-world adoption.
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Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using nest extract of paper wasp ( Polistes sp) was investigated in this work. The AgNPs were characterized by UV–Vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and evaluated for antibacterial, antifungal, dye degradation, blood anticoagulation, and blood clot dissolution (thrombolytic) activities. The crystalline polydispersed AgNPs with size range of 12.5–95.55 nm absorbed maximally at 428 nm and showed anisotropic structures of sphere, triangle, hexagon, rod, and rhombus. The FTIR data showed prominent peaks at 3426 and 1641 cm −1 , which indicate the involvement of phenolics compounds and proteins in the synthesis of AgNPs. The prominence of Ag in the EDX spectra showed that indeed, AgNPs were formed. The AgNPs showed potent antibacterial activities (12–35 mm) against three multi-drug strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella granulomatis. While the growth of Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus niger was completely suppressed, the AgNPs produced growth inhibition of 75.61 % against Aspergillus fumigatus at 100 µg/ml. Furthermore, the AgNPs degraded malachite green to the tune of 93.1 %. The AgNPs also prevented coagulation of blood, while it completely dissolved preformed blood clots within 5 min showing the potent anticoagulation and thrombolytic activities. This study, which is the first of its kind to use nest extract of paper wasp for the synthesis of nanoparticles, has shown that the biosynthesized AgNPs could be deployed for biomedical and catalytic applications.
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DOI: 10.1007/s13205-016-0459-x
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