article · Sustainability
Rice production in subtropical paddy fields often relies heavily on synthetic inorganic fertilisers, contributing to greenhouse gas emissions and deteriorating soil fertility. Research into nine different nutrient combinations assessed how varying rates and sources of organic amendments affect rice yields, soil chemistry, and methane emissions. Soil nitrogen, organic carbon, available phosphorus, soil pH, soil redox potential, and methane release were all significantly influenced by the treatments, whereas plant height, harvest index, and soil exchangeable potassium remained unaffected. Combining 75 percent of the recommended fertiliser dose with two tonnes of biosolid per hectare delivered the best overall outcome. This specific amendment achieved superior grain and straw yields, higher grain weight, and enhanced available phosphorus while maintaining moderate methane emission rates. These findings indicate that integrating biosolids with reduced inorganic fertiliser can improve crop productivity and protect soil health.
Rice farming faces dual challenges: maintaining yields to secure food supplies and reducing greenhouse gas emissions that accelerate climate change. Excessive reliance on synthetic fertilisers can damage soil fertility and exacerbate global warming. Demonstrating that organic biosolids can partially replace chemical fertilisers offers a pathway to sustain agricultural output, preserve soil nutrients, and manage methane emissions in rice-producing regions.
The tested nutrient regime offers a practical soil amendment strategy for rice farmers and agricultural managers seeking to balance crop yields with environmental sustainability. Because the formulation combines existing synthetic fertilisers with biosolids at a tested rate of two tonnes per hectare, it represents an applied and tested intervention. It could be adopted directly through agricultural extension programmes, though the abstract does not describe commercial distribution models or product manufacturing pathways.
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Deteriorating soil fertility and gradually decreasing rice productivity along with higher greenhouse gas emissions from paddy fields have emerged as serious threats to the sustainability of rice production and food security. Rice production in the subtropical environment in Bangladesh is mostly dependent on synthetic inorganic fertilizer to maintain productivity; however, the inorganic fertilizer has negative effects on global warming. Climate-smart and resilient agricultural production systems are major concerns nowadays to meet sustainable development goals. The study was conducted to evaluate the optimum rate and source of organic amendments on rice productivity and soil fertility along with CH4 emission. A total of nine nutrient combinations were used in the study. The CH4 emission, soil redox potential (Eh), soil pH, soil nitrogen and organic carbon, available phosphorus, rice grain and straw were greatly affected by the application of different rates and sources of the nutrient. However, the soil exchangeable K content, plant height, and harvest index were not affected. Among the treatments, the application of 75% recommended fertilizer (RF) + biosolid 2 t ha−1 (T3) was the most effective and showed the superior performance in terms of available P (12.90 ppm), the number of grains panicle−1 (121), and 1000-grain weight (24.6g), rice grain, and straw yield along with the moderate CH4 emission (18.25 mg m−2h−1). On the other hand, the lowest soil Eh (−158 mV) and soil pH (6.65) were measured from the treatment T3. The finding of this study revealed that the application of 75% of RF + biosolid 2 t ha−1 can be recommended as the preferable soil amendment for boosting rice yield, reduce CH4 emissions, and sustainably maintain soil fertility. Furthermore, this finding may help to introduce preferable soil amendment doses, which will contribute to boosting rice productivity and economic turnouts of the farmers.
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DOI: 10.3390/su13063103
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