article · BMC Plant Biology
Wheat productivity can be significantly improved through an integrated management approach combining drip irrigation, foliar nutrition, and specific compost practices. A two-season study on the Giza-171 wheat cultivar evaluated how irrigation systems, foliar potassium bicarbonate, and compost application methods individually and collectively influence crop growth, physiology, and yield traits. Drip irrigation boosted plant height, leaf area index, crop growth rate, yield components, and grain yield by 16 percent compared to spray irrigation. Applying foliar potassium bicarbonate at 0.08 grams per litre increased these parameters by up to 22 percent relative to the control. Additionally, applying compost via the role method improved performance compared to mixed application. The combination of drip irrigation, 0.08 grams per litre of potassium bicarbonate, and the role compost method achieved the best overall results across all evaluated traits, demonstrating the power of coordinated agronomic management.
Wheat is a vital staple crop, and finding ways to maximise yields while effectively using water and soil nutrients is critical for agricultural resilience. By showing that drip irrigation, targeted nutrient sprays, and specific compost techniques work synergistically, this research provides clear agronomic strategies to enhance wheat production more sustainably over multiple growing seasons.
The findings offer applied agronomic practices directly relevant to wheat farmers, agricultural extension services, and farm management advisors looking to optimise input efficiency. Because the research tested specific field methods such as drip irrigation setups, potassium bicarbonate concentrations, and compost application techniques across two growing seasons, the approach represents applied and tested field practices that could be adopted by growers using existing farm equipment and inputs.
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Enhancing wheat productivity by implementing a comprehensive approach that combines irrigation, nutrition, and organic amendments shows potential for collectively enhancing crop performance. This study examined the individual and combined effects of using irrigation systems (IS), foliar potassium bicarbonate (PBR) application, and compost application methods (CM) on nine traits related to the growth, physiology, and yield of the Giza-171 wheat cultivar. Analysis of variance revealed significant (P ≤ 0.05) main effects of IS, PBR, and CM on wheat growth, physiology, and yield traits over the two growing seasons of the study. Drip irrigation resulted in a 16% increase in plant height, leaf area index, crop growth rate, yield components, and grain yield compared to spray irrigation. Additionally, the application of foliar PBR at a concentration of 0.08 g/L boosted these parameters by up to 22% compared to the control. Furthermore, the application of compost using the role method resulted in enhanced wheat performance compared to the treatment including mix application. Importantly, the combined analysis revealed that the three-way interaction between the three factors had a significant effect (P ≤ 0.05) on all the studied traits, with drip irrigation at 0.08 g PBR rate and role compost application method (referred as Drip_0.08g_Role) resulting in the best performance across all traits, while sprinkle irrigation without PBR and conventional mixed compost method (referred as sprinkle_CK_Mix) produced the poorest results. This highlights the potential to synergistically improve wheat performance through optimized agronomic inputs.
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DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05213-2
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