article · IEEE Systems Journal
This research proposes a Water Cycle Algorithm (WCA) for the optimal placement and sizing of distributed generation units and capacitor banks within electricity distribution systems. The method aims to deliver technical, economic, and environmental benefits by optimising objectives such as minimising power losses, reducing voltage deviation, lowering total electrical energy cost, decreasing emissions from generation sources, and improving the voltage stability index. The WCA, which mimics natural water flow, was tested across five operational cases on IEEE 33-bus, 69-bus test systems, and a real-world East Delta network in Egypt. The results indicate that the proposed WCA is effective and outperforms other optimisation algorithms, leading to significant economic and environmental improvements. Furthermore, operating distributed generation units with controllable power factors proved more beneficial than using fixed power factors.
Optimising the placement and sizing of energy components in electricity grids can make them more efficient, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly. This research offers a method to reduce energy waste, lower operational costs, and decrease pollution, contributing to more sustainable and reliable energy distribution for communities.
This research provides an advanced optimisation tool that could be integrated into planning software for electricity distribution network operators and energy companies. It enables improved grid design and operation, leading to reduced energy losses and lower environmental impact. The testing on a real-world network suggests this is applied research, potentially near-market for use in grid planning and management systems.
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Integration of distributed generation units (DGs) and capacitor banks (CBs) in distribution systems aim to enhance the system performance. This paper proposes water cycle algorithm (WCA) for optimal placement and sizing of DGs and CBs. The proposed method aims to achieve technical, economic, and environmental benefits. Different objective functions: minimizing power losses, voltage deviation, total electrical energy cost, total emissions produced by generation sources and improving the voltage stability index are considered. WCA emulates the water flow cycle from streams to rivers and from rivers to sea. Five different operational cases are considered to assess the performance of the proposed methodology. Simulations are carried out on three distribution systems, namely IEEE 33-bus, 69-bus test systems, and East Delta network, as a real part of Egyptian system. The simulated results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method compared with other optimization algorithms. Also, the results demonstrate that the proposed WCA gives superior performance for the system and give distinguished improvements in both economic and environmental benefits. Moreover, the results give the flexible operation with controllable power factor DGs that is better than those using DGs at fixed power factor.
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DOI: 10.1109/jsyst.2018.2796847
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