Numerical Modelling of a Perovskite Solar Cell: Optical and Electrical Properties

Abstract

In this report, we describe a multiphysics model for a multilayer perovskite solar cell consisting of a reduced graphene oxide ( RGO ) back contact, a Spiro- OMeTAD hole transport layer, a MAPbI3 absorber, a TiO 2 electron transport layer, and a transparent FTO electrode. This model was developed using COMSOL through the application of the finite element method ( FEM ) and integrates three-dimensional electromagnetic solutions with a drift/diffusion method, as well as non-radiative recombination mechanisms provided by Shockley-Reed-Hall. Optical analysis directly links spectral photo-generation to the quantity |E| 2 and the absorption coefficient of materials, then integrates generation between 300 and 1,000 nm. Based on the results obtained, it is clear that the field has a shallow penetration depth in the ultraviolet, followed by an intensification of the field in the visible range and deeper propagation in the near infrared. A parametric study of doping shows that increasing donor doping in TiO ₂ strengthens the internal field at the perovskite/ TiO ₂ interface, while increasing acceptor doping in Spiro- OMeTAD decreases the field peak at the Spiro- OMeTAD /perovskite interface and strengthens the field at the rear contact.