article · International Journal of Modern Physics B
This research examines heat and mass transfer mechanisms within a three-dimensional, steady, incompressible flow of Carreau nanoliquid moving over an extendable rotating disk. The mathematical model incorporates the effects of viscous dissipation, Joule heating, and nonlinear thermal radiation. By applying similarity transformations, the governing equations are converted into a system of nonlinear coupled ordinary differential equations for analysis. The study evaluates how parameters including the Prandtl number, Lewis number, Carreau liquid parameter, Brownian motion, thermophoresis, radiation parameter, Eckert number, and Hartmann number influence velocity, temperature, and concentration profiles. Results indicate that rates of thermal and mass transfer increase when Brownian motion and thermophoresis effects intensify, while these two phenomena display opposing influences on the fluid concentration field.
Understanding how complex non-Newtonian liquids behave across moving and stretching surfaces is important for theoretical fluid dynamics. By mapping how heat and particles disperse under electrical, magnetic, and thermal influences, these findings provide clearer insights into the physical mechanisms governing energy transport in specialised fluid systems.
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The objective of this paper is to investigate the heat transfer mechanism while considering the attributes of viscous dissipation, Joule heating, and nonlinear thermal radiations in the three-dimensional steady incompressible flow of Carreau liquid on an extendable rotating disk. By using the similarity transformation, the governed equations were converted into the nonlinear coupled ordinary differential equations. The essential characteristics of various variables like Prandtl number, Lewis number, Carreau liquid parameter, Brownian motion, thermophoresis parameter, radiation parameter, Eckert number and Hartmann number on velocity, thermal, and concentration are discussed through graphs and tables. The presented investigation divulges that the thermal and mass transfer rates enhance when Brownian motion and thermophoresis processes extended and manifest as opposing features on the concentration field.
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DOI: 10.1142/s0217979224504071
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