article · Applied Water Science
Silver nanoparticles biosynthesised from cobweb serve as an effective adsorbent for the removal of Rhodamine B dye from water. Key operational variables, including contact time, initial pH, dye concentration, adsorbent dosage, and temperature, directly influence the uptake of the dye. Evaluation of various adsorption models indicates that the process aligns most closely with the Langmuir isotherm, reflecting monolayer coverage with a maximum adsorption capacity of 59.85 milligrams per gram. The reaction rates follow pseudo-second-order kinetics, governed by both surface adsorption and intra-particle diffusion mechanisms. Furthermore, thermodynamic analysis demonstrates that the uptake of Rhodamine B is spontaneous and exothermic, with calculated sorption and activation energies pointing to a chemisorption process. Overall, these findings detail the performance and mechanistic behaviour of cobweb-derived silver nanoparticles in sequestering synthetic dyes.
Synthetic dyes like Rhodamine B in wastewater present persistent environmental and health concerns. Understanding the mechanics of biosynthesised silver nanoparticles derived from natural cobwebs provides insight into alternative, bio-derived adsorbents capable of capturing chemical contaminants. Demonstrating high adsorption capacity and spontaneous chemical binding helps researchers evaluate viable non-synthetic materials for environmental remediation.
This work represents early-stage research into water remediation materials. Potential end users include industrial wastewater treatment operators seeking adsorbents for synthetic dye removal. However, the abstract covers only bench-scale adsorption kinetics, equilibrium isotherms, and thermodynamics. Realising an applied product would require further evaluation under complex industrial effluent conditions, as well as testing the scalability, cost, and lifecycle of cobweb-derived nanoparticle production.
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This study has investigated the adsorption of Rhodamine B (Rh-B) dye on novel biosynthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from cobweb. The effects of contact time, initial pH, initial dye concentration, adsorbent dosage and temperature were studied on the removal of Rh-B and they significantly affected its uptake. Adsorption isotherms were evaluated using Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin and Dubinin–Radushkevich isotherm models. The adsorption process was best described by Langmuir isotherm with R 2 of 0.9901, indicating monolayer adsorption. The maximum adsorption capacity ( q max ) of 59.85 mg/g showed that it has relatively high performance, while adsorption intensity showed a favourable adsorption process. Pseudo-second-order kinetics fitted best the rate of adsorption and intra-particle diffusion revealed both surface adsorption and intra-particle diffusion-controlled adsorption process. Negative values of thermodynamic parameters (∆ H °, ∆ S ° and ∆ G °) indicated an exothermic and spontaneous adsorption process. The mean sorption energy ( E ) and activation energy ( E a ) suggested the uptake of Rh-B onto AgNPs was chemical in nature (chemosorption).
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DOI: 10.1007/s13201-018-0676-z
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