New Wideband Antenna Arrays with Low Sidelobe Based on Space Filling Curves

Abstract

This paper introduces a new design of wideband planar antenna arrays based on space-filling curves with low Side-Lobe Level (SLL). The unique geometrical features of such arrays are exploited to provide wideband operation and to avoid grating lobes in the radiation pattern even when the minimum spacing between elements is increased to one-wavelength. Three antenna array configurations based on space-filling curve, namely heighway dragon, twindragon and <tex>$Z_{2}$</tex> heighway dragon arrays, are investigated and compared for various set of parameter regimes. Results reveal that the introduced array designs offer several highly desirable radiation pattern advantages over their conventional periodic planar array counterparts, including wideband operation, SLL reduction, and grating lobe elimination. This demonstrates the importance of the introduced array configuration as a promising design in modern wireless systems.