Nanoparticles, Nanofibers and Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) as Pollutants Removal in Wastewater Treatment

Abstract

Wastewater is not only a problem but also a precious source of water that has to be utilized wisely to solve the issue of the water crisis. Prior efforts have been done towards wastewater treatment and recycling, however, more solutions still required eliminating the water crisis over the entire world. As known, modernization increases water crisis problems over time that's why scientists need to introduce new insights and materials to offer alternative approaches for the treatment of wastewater to be ready for usage to face the high demand for water in industry, agriculture, etc. Nanotechnology has played a magic role in the last decades in the treatment of wastewater by shaping materials into several morphologies such as particles, rods, spheres, fibers, etc. These morphologies have higher surface areas and pore-sized structures in comparison with bulk materials which lead to their great efficiencies and adsorption capacities. However, new ideas and insights need to be incorporated for better solutions with fewer cost properties. This review sheds the light on what has been done on the nanotechnological scale, the materials utilized and the efficiencies achieved. It may open new approaches and insights for researchers and scientists to find new methods and materials for effective contaminants elimination and water recycling.