review · Insects
Mosquitoes spread numerous life-threatening conditions, including malaria, dengue, yellow fever, and Zika. Current mosquito management relies on chemical, biological, mechanical, and pharmaceutical measures. However, these methods face major hurdles due to insecticide resistance among mosquito populations, the global spread of invasive species, and recent outbreaks of emerging arthropod-borne viruses. In response, nanobiotechnology offers a promising alternative route for vector control. In particular, the green synthesis of metallic nanoparticles using active compounds from plant extracts presents a single-step, biodegradable, and environmentally friendly approach that eliminates the need for toxic chemicals. These plant-derived nanoparticles show strong antagonistic and target-specific activities across diverse mosquito species. Reviewing existing control strategies alongside plant-mediated nanoparticle synthesis highlights a sustainable mechanism to manage mosquito vectors and support future efforts against mosquito-borne infections.
Mosquito-borne diseases pose a severe threat to global public health, while existing control methods lose effectiveness against resistant and invasive mosquito populations. Utilising plant extracts to produce biodegradable nanoparticles offers an eco-friendly vector control alternative. This approach reduces reliance on hazardous synthetic chemicals, helping communities address disease transmission while limiting environmental harm.
The abstract points to the green synthesis of plant-mediated nanoparticles as an eco-friendly mosquito control solution, potentially relevant to vector control programmes and pesticide manufacturers. The approach offers a non-toxic route for developing repellent and mosquitocidal formulations. However, because the text presents an overview of current research concepts rather than trial data, the technology appears to be at an early research stage.
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Mosquitoes act as vectors of pathogens that cause most life-threatening diseases, such as malaria, Dengue, Chikungunya, Yellow fever, Zika, West Nile, <i>Lymphatic filariasis</i>, etc. To reduce the transmission of these mosquito-borne diseases in humans, several chemical, biological, mechanical, and pharmaceutical methods of control are used. However, these different strategies are facing important and timely challenges that include the rapid spread of highly invasive mosquitoes worldwide, the development of resistance in several mosquito species, and the recent outbreaks of novel arthropod-borne viruses (e.g., Dengue, Rift Valley fever, tick-borne encephalitis, West Nile, yellow fever, etc.). Therefore, the development of novel and effective methods of control is urgently needed to manage mosquito vectors. Adapting the principles of nanobiotechnology to mosquito vector control is one of the current approaches. As a single-step, eco-friendly, and biodegradable method that does not require the use of toxic chemicals, the green synthesis of nanoparticles using active toxic agents from plant extracts available since ancient times exhibits antagonistic responses and broad-spectrum target-specific activities against different species of vector mosquitoes. In this article, the current state of knowledge on the different mosquito control strategies in general, and on repellent and mosquitocidal plant-mediated synthesis of nanoparticles in particular, has been reviewed. By doing so, this review may open new doors for research on mosquito-borne diseases.
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DOI: 10.3390/insects14030221
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