Molecular Detection of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Multidrug Resistance in Patients with Urinary Tract Infection

Abstract

Background: methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus is global problem which cause urinary tract infections and this affecting approximately 150 million people worldwide annually, in addition its high resistant to most of antibiotic. Objective of study: Amid of this study diagnose and determine methicillin resistant S. aureus in patient which urinary tract infections, and detect virulence gene, multidrug resistance by PCR technique. Materials and Methods: This study included 100 urine samples collected from urinary tract infection (UTI) patients. These samples were first cultured on standard media, then confirmed on HiCrome MeReSa Agar selective medium for the isolation of MRSA. Then (PCR) was performed to identify mec A gene. All isolates were subjected to susceptibility testing against a range of antibiotics to determine their resistance profiles and multi-resistance. Results: Twenty samples (44%) of the total 45 samples were diagnosed as methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) based on a set of phenotypic characteristics, the most important of which was growth on mannitol salt agar. Then diagnosis on Hi-Chrome MeReSa media, which is a selective medium dedicated to identifying MRSA based on the colorimetric indicator, as colonies appear blue after incubation for 18-24 hours. Then, the diagnosis of MRSA isolates was confirmed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect the mecA gene, which showed that all isolates that showed positive growth on Hi-Chrome MeReSa agar possessed the mecA gene with a molecular weight of 147 base pairs, at a rate of 100%. also noted prevalence of MRSA infection its higher in females by 75%, compared to males, which reached 25%. Conclusion: in this study shed light on prevalence of MRSA in patients with urinary tract infections, revealing that infection in females is 3 times higher than in males. The study also showed that all isolates showed multiple resistance to different antibiotics.