Modeling and analysis of a fractional order spatio-temporal SEIR model: Stability and prediction

Abstract

This study introduces a novel fractional-order spatio-temporal SEIR model for epidemic modeling, providing an advanced approach to understanding disease dynamics. Our model, categorizing the population into Susceptible (S), Exposed (E), Infected (I), and Recovered (R), incorporates fractional calculus to accurately reflect the complex, non-linear nature of infectious diseases. Key findings include the confirmation of the existence and uniqueness of the model’s solutions, ensuring reliability for epidemiological predictions. Through rigorous stability analysis at both disease-free and endemic equilibrium points, we identified critical parameters influencing epidemic outcomes. Numerical simulations reveal that the fractional order significantly impacts disease progression, offering valuable insights for intervention strategies.