Mobile and Wearable Solutions for Monitoring Diabetes: A Systematic Review

Abstract

This systematic review explores the growing field of mobile and wearable technologies for monitoring diabetes mellitus (DM)-related parameters, focusing on advancements and gaps in current research. The review analyzes 23 studies published between 2020 and 2024, highlighting the potential benefits for patients, healthcare providers, and researchers. Mobile and wearable devices, including continuous glucose monitors (CGMs) and smartwatches, offer innovative ways to monitor glucose levels, physical activity, and other vital parameters, improving disease management and quality of life. However, significant challenges remain, including insufficient clinical validation, lack of cohort representativeness, and inadequate integration of passive mobile data with clinical information. Many studies prioritize technological performance over clinical outcomes, limiting their applicability in real-world settings. Ethical concerns, particularly regarding informed consent and data privacy, are also under addressed. The review underscores the need for interdisciplinary collaboration and adequate funding to overcome these challenges and fully leverage the potential of mobile and wearable technologies in diabetes care. Future research should focus on enhancing data integration, improving device power efficiency, and ensuring robust clinical trials to support the adoption of these technologies in routine diabetes management.