Mitigation of Temperature Effects and Performance Enhancement of Perovskite Solar Cells Using Nano-Pyramids Grating

Abstract

For their impressive electrical and optical characteristics, perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have been presented to the nanostructured photovoltaics field as one of the encouraging replacements of both conventional silicon based solar cells (SCs) and thin film SCs. In this paper, we present a study of the performance of CH <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> NH <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> PbI <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> PSC, as one of the prime candidates of PSCs, at different values of temperature and solar irradiance power with the aid of a 3-D finite element method (FEM) COMSOL Multiphysics simulation indicating the significant reduction of the PSC’s power conversion efficiency (PCE) upon either increasing the operating temperature or decreasing solar irradiance power. Then, we study the effect of electron transporting layer (ETL) grating on the electrical parameter of the cell. Results of the proposed study show that for PSCs with optimal 400nm CH <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> NH <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> PbI <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> absorber thickness and adjusted thickness of other layers, adding pyramid grating to ETL causes the power conversion efficiency (PCE) to go up to 21.058% instead of 19.818% in case of flat layer at room temperature, with short circuit current density (J <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">SC</sub> ) of 25.858 mA/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , open circuit voltage (V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">OC</sub> ) of 1 Volt and 81.44% filling factor (FF). Results also indicate that using such periodic structure of ETL can compensate the reduction of PCE caused by temperature increasing.