article · Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology
Near-alpha titanium alloys are widely used for high-temperature engineering applications, particularly in compressor discs and blades for aero-engines. Research over the past decade has addressed phase stability, microstructural effects of alloying additions, plastic deformation, and composite reinforcements to improve alloy performance. Commonly investigated reinforcements include titanium carbide, titanium boride, silicon carbide, yttrium oxide, lanthanum oxide, and aluminium oxide. Conventional processing routes such as rolling, extrusion, forging, severe plastic deformation, and heat treatments have also been widely studied. Significant knowledge gaps persist regarding the use of carbon nanotubes, silicon carbide, and yttrium oxide reinforcements, especially in combination. Furthermore, specific severe plastic deformation methods, including cyclic extrusion compression, multiaxial compression or forging, and repeated corrugation and straightening, remain under-researched for this alloy group.
Components in aerospace engines operate under severe thermal and mechanical loads, making material durability vital for safety and efficiency. Identifying which alloy compositions and processing techniques successfully enhance titanium alloys helps aerospace engineers design more durable engine parts while highlighting specific material combinations that still require targeted investigation.
The identified applications focus on aero-engine compressor discs and blades for aerospace manufacturers. Because the findings stem from a literature review covering both widely tested methods and unproven reinforcement combinations, the technology spans early-stage to applied material development. Commercial implementation of newer formulations depends on resolving identified gaps in composite reinforcements and specialized deformation processing.
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Purpose This paper aims to present a broad review of near-a titanium alloys for high-temperature applications. Design/methodology/approach Following a brief introduction of titanium (Ti) alloys, this paper considers the near-α group of Ti alloys, which are the most popular high-temperature Ti alloys developed for a high-temperature application, particularly in compressor disc and blades in aero-engines. The paper is relied on literature within the past decade to discuss phase stability and microstructural effect of alloying elements, plastic deformation and reinforcements used in the development of these alloys. Findings The near-a Ti alloys show high potential for high-temperature applications, and many researchers have explored the incorporation of TiC, TiB SiC, Y 2 O 3 , La 2 O 3 and Al 2 O 3 reinforcements for improved mechanical properties. Rolling, extrusion, forging and some severe plastic deformation (SPD) techniques, as well as heat treatment methods, have also been explored extensively. There is, however, a paucity of information on SiC, Y 2 O 3 and carbon nanotube reinforcements and their combinations for improved mechanical properties. Information on some SPD techniques such as cyclic extrusion compression, multiaxial compression/forging and repeated corrugation and straightening for this class of alloys is also limited. Originality/value This paper provides a topical, technical insight into developments in near-a Ti alloys using literature from within the past decade. It also outlines the future developments of this class of Ti alloys.
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DOI: 10.1108/aeat-04-2019-0086
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