Mathematical Modelling and Numerical Simulation of Hydrodynamics with Flood Mitigation Strategies in the Mayo-Danay Department of Cameroon's Far North Region

Abstract

Flooding is the main structural problem faced by the Mayo-Danay department in the Far North Region of Cameroon, aggravated by climate change impacts, upstream deforestation, and the development and lack of maintenance of hydraulic infrastructure. This paper presents a new approach to develop a two-dimensional mathematical modelling combined with an advanced numerical simulation of hydrodynamics along the Logone River. The key originality aspect of this work lies in incorporating dynamic dyke breach scenarios together with seasonal real-time rainfall data allowing accurate flood propagation prediction at vital intervals. Flood risk mapping involves combining hydrodynamic behavior with topographic vulnerability parameters thus revealing areas under high risk. Detailed post-judgment analysis on Logone earthen dyke breach shows its highly destructive potential thereby emphasizing quite strongly the necessity for prevention strategies. Additionally, it evaluates sanitation infrastructure coupled with stormwater management through integrated urban drainage systems within this context. A preamble to what must be conceived as an exhaustive agenda for action is given by some recommendations: strengthening up Kousseri of the hydrometeorological network; satellite data and local observations complementing early warning systems; sustainable approaches that are reforested and integrated watershed managements done in parallelism with one another. The innovation lies in sophisticated digital and geospatial methodologies associated with territorial resilience strategies tailored to sub-Saharan contexts; this can be applied elsewhere where similar hydrological dynamics occur, thus providing a sound basis for scientific as well as political decision-making.