Mass Separation and Flux on the Radiative Oscillatory Unsteady Flow of Magnetized Nanofluid via Vertically Oriented Plate Submerged in Porous Media: FDM Analysis

Abstract

A colloidal suspension of nanoparticles in base fluids has gained significant attention due to its enhanced thermal and mass transfer properties, making them ideal for advanced heat exchange systems and energy applications. When subjected to external magnetic fields, magnetized nanofluids exhibit further improvements in heat and mass transfer due to their tunable thermophysical properties. These characteristics make them indispensable in applications ranging from cooling systems to energy storage devices. Thus, this exploration is a comprehensive study that aims to provide a deeper understanding of nanofluids, which are instrumental in enhancing heat transmission and preserving thermal energy. The study thoroughly explores the influence of mass separation and mass flux on radiative magnetized single-phase nanofluid-modeled oscillatory flow over a vertically oriented porous plate. The nanoparticles included are [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] and water is taken as the base fluid. Nondimensional analysis is performed for the governing model and converted into an unsteady form. Reduced models are elaborated numerically using the implicit finite difference method and primitive transformation and are carried out in the central forward time-space. The influence of constructing terms on the fluid flow rate, surface heat, steady heat–mass rate, oscillatory shear stress and oscillatory heat–mass transfer is discussed geometrically. From numerical outcomes, it is observed that the variation in porosity has a significant impact on velocity outcomes in primary and secondary cases. The higher the values of radiation and Dufour effects, the more pronounced the strengthening of the temperature profiles. Increasing the thermos-diffusion number leads to an enhancement in concentration profiles. The study’s thoroughness instills confidence in its findings. Equivalence is made with the available work in the literature, and there is outstanding accord among them.