article · Egyptian Liver Journal
Hepatocellular carcinoma is a common form of liver cancer linked to high mortality rates, but it can be managed effectively through early detection, accurate diagnosis, and personalised treatment programmes. Recent developments have enhanced clinical approaches across detection, intervention, and prevention. Advanced imaging methods such as magnetic resonance imaging and contrast-enhanced ultrasound, alongside image segmentation and deep learning models, have significantly improved diagnostic accuracy. For treatment, minimally invasive interventions including thermal ablation and radiofrequency ablation allow precise tumour destruction, while targeted therapies, immunotherapy, and nanoparticles show promise in treating advanced cancer stages. Furthermore, artificial intelligence and machine learning support the identification of high-risk patients and outcome prediction. Prevention remains vital, with hepatitis B vaccination, weight control, and alcohol avoidance reducing risk, though additional research is necessary regarding nanoparticles, traditional Chinese medicine, and herbal remedies.
Liver cancer causes substantial mortality worldwide, yet outcomes can improve significantly when the disease is caught early and treated with precision. Integrating modern imaging tools, artificial intelligence, and tailored therapies helps clinicians diagnose tumours earlier and select targeted interventions. Alongside medical technologies, straightforward preventive measures such as vaccination and lifestyle adjustments offer accessible routes to reduce the overall disease burden across populations.
The overview highlights applications for diagnostic software developers, medical imaging manufacturers, and biotechnology firms developing oncology therapeutics. Artificial intelligence models for image segmentation and outcome prediction represent near-market opportunities for clinical decision-support tools. Minimally invasive ablation devices and targeted immunotherapies are already applied in clinical settings, whereas nanoparticle-based treatments and herbal therapies remain at earlier stages of investigation requiring further research before wider clinical translation.
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Abstract Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common type of liver cancer, with a high mortality rate. Hepatocellular carcinoma is a type of liver cancer that can be effectively managed through early detection and accurate diagnosis, followed by a personalized treatment plan that may include surgical resection, liver transplantation, minimally-invasive techniques, immunotherapy, or targeted therapy depending on the stage and severity of the cancer. Main body of the abstract This paper discusses recent advances in the early detection, management, and prevention of HCC. The use of newer imaging techniques, such as Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and contrast-enhanced ultrasound, along with image segmentation technology and deep learning models, have greatly enhanced the accuracy of HCC detection and diagnosis. Minimally-invasive techniques, such as thermal ablation and radiofrequency ablation, have allowed for more precise and targeted destruction of tumors, while Nanoparticles, immunotherapy and targeted therapy have shown promise in the management of advanced stage HCC. The use of Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning has revolutionized HCC research, aiding in the identification of high-risk patients and predicting outcomes. Lifestyle modifications, such as weight management, alcohol avoidance, and hepatitis B vaccinations, can play a critical role in preventing HCC development. Short conclusion Recent advances in early detection, management, and prevention of HCC have shown promise in improving patient outcomes. The use of newer imaging techniques, minimally-invasive techniques, immunotherapy, targeted therapy, and AI and machine learning have greatly enhanced HCC research and management, while lifestyle modifications can play a critical role in prevention. However, further research is required to fully understand the potential benefits of nanoparticles, traditional Chinese medicine and herbal medicines in HCC treatment. Graphical Abstract
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DOI: 10.1186/s43066-023-00306-3
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