Knowledge, attitudes and practices of infection control among staff working with learners with spina bifida in special schools in two South African provinces: A cross-sectional study

Abstract

Background: Infection associated with spina bifida is a common risk that often interferes with regular school attendance. Objective: This study aimed to conduct a situational analysis of infection control in South African special schools catering to learners with spina bifida, and to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices of infection control among the school staff. Method: This was a cross-sectional study using semi-structured and structured questionnaires administered to the school principals and staff, respectively. A total of nine schools participated in the study, with 121 staff completing the questionnaire. Results: All nine schools reported a higher number of educators than allied health professionals, health professionals and house mothers. Low levels of knowledge about infection control were reported across all staff. A large proportion of educators (> 60%) were unaware of infection control practices. A small proportion across staff categories reported having a bowel management programme. Staff reported poor attitudes toward infection control; only 14.3% of educators, 15.0% of allied health staff, 13.3% of health staff and 6.3% of house mothers reported being trained to work with learners with spina bifida. Conclusion: The findings reveal important gaps in schools with regard to infection control for learners with spina bifida, and there is a need for training on infection control for all staff working in these settings. Contribution: The research contributes to the development of training and policy recommendations aimed at improving infection control for learners with spina bifida.