Knowledge, Attitude, and Willingness to accept the RTS, S malaria vaccine among Mothers/Caregivers of under-five children: A Qualitative study in Enugu state, Nigeria

Abstract

<title>Abstract</title> <bold>Background</bold> Malaria remains a significant public health challenge in Nigeria, particularly among children under the age of five. This study investigated the knowledge, attitudes, and willingness to accept the RTS, S malaria vaccine among mothers and caregivers of children under five years of age in Enugu State, Nigeria. <bold>Methods</bold> A descriptive cross-sectional survey design was employed, involving 405 participants who visited two major tertiary hospitals in Enugu State, Nigeria. Data were collected via structured questionnaires, checked, coded, and entered into the Microsoft Excel package 2021 and exported to Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS) version 27 for descriptive and inferential statistical analysis. <bold>Results</bold> A total of 66.2% of the respondents demonstrated good knowledge about malaria and the RTS, S malaria vaccines, whereas only 55.1% exhibited a positive attitude toward vaccination. Despite this, a notable gap was identified, with only 51.6% of participants willing to accept the RTS, S malaria vaccine for their children. Factors significantly influencing vaccine acceptance included the caregiver’s gender, age, marital status, educational level, and place of residence. <bold>Conclusion</bold> These findings highlight the critical need for targeted educational campaigns and interventions to address misconceptions and improve awareness of the benefits and safety of the RTS, S malaria vaccine. Enhancing the knowledge and attitudes of mothers and caregivers is essential to increase vaccine acceptance and ultimately reduce the malaria burden among children in Enugu State. To achieve these goals, collaborative efforts between healthcare providers, government agencies, and community organizations are recommended. <bold>Trial Registration</bold> Not applicable