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article · Communications Physics

KM3NeT constraint on Lorentz-violating superluminal neutrino velocity

20255 citationsOpen accessMohamed I University

Abstract

Abstract Lorentz invariance is a fundamental symmetry of spacetime and foundational to modern physics. One of its most important consequences is the constancy of the speed of light. This invariance, together with the geometry of spacetime, implies that no particle can move faster than the speed of light. In this article, we present the most stringent neutrino-based test of this prediction, using the highest-energy neutrino ever detected to date, KM3-230213A. If we assume an extragalactic source as the origin, the arrival of this event, with an energy of $$22{0}_{-110}^{+570} \; {\mbox{PeV}}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mn>22</mml:mn> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:mn>110</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mn>570</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msubsup> <mml:mspace/> <mml:mstyle> <mml:mtext>PeV</mml:mtext> </mml:mstyle> </mml:math> , sets a constraint on $$\delta \equiv {c}_{\nu }^{2}-1\, &lt; \,4.{2}_{-3.7}^{+9.2}\times 1{0}^{-22}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mi>δ</mml:mi> <mml:mo>≡</mml:mo> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>c</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>ν</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msubsup> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> <mml:mspace/> <mml:mo>&lt;</mml:mo> <mml:mspace/> <mml:mn>4</mml:mn> <mml:mo>.</mml:mo> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:mn>3.7</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mn>9.2</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msubsup> <mml:mo>×</mml:mo> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:mn>22</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:math> .

Research topics

  • Noncommutative and Quantum Gravity Theories
  • Neutrino Physics Research
  • Advanced Differential Geometry Research

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DOI: 10.1038/s42005-025-02347-z

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