Investigation of antioxidant, antidiabetic, and antiglycation properties of Sonchus oleraceus and Lobularia maritima (L.) Desv. extracts from Taza, Morocco

Abstract

Plants from Morocco's Taza region are rich in bioactive compounds such as flavonoids and polyphenols, renowned for their health benefits and antioxidant properties. This study investigates the antioxidant potential of Sonchus oleraceus and Lobularia maritima (L.) Desv. Using 80 % methanolic maceration, three extracts were prepared: Sonchus oleraceus leaves, Lobularia maritima (L.) Desv-leaves, and Lobularia maritima (L.) Desv-flowers. Antioxidant activity was evaluated through DPPH, FRAP, ABTS, and metal-chelating assays, while flavonoid and polyphenol content was quantified spectrophotometrically. Antidiabetic potential was assessed via inhibition of α-glucosidase and α-amylase, and antiglycation activity was analyzed by measuring protein thiol preservation and fructosamine levels. All extracts exhibited significant antioxidant activity, with high flavonoid and polyphenol levels underscoring their potential as natural antioxidants. They also demonstrated notable α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibition, suggesting their ability to regulate glucose metabolism. Moreover, their antiglycation effects, marked by the prevention of advanced glycation end products and protein damage, highlight their potential in maintaining cellular integrity. These findings suggest that Sonchus oleraceus and Lobularia maritima extracts possess promising antioxidant, antidiabetic, and anti-inflammatory properties, paving the way for their therapeutic application in managing diabetes, oxidative stress, and related conditions.