Investigating water management and environmental protection in the Owabi River catchment in Ghana

Abstract

Water and access to fresh water are essential to improve livelihood and well-being, particularly in rural communities of the developing world. However, rising population, increasing urbanization, intensification and extension of agriculture continue to exert pressure on water catchments, which are one of the major sources of freshwater. This study explores water management practices and environmental protection in the Owabi community and river catchment in Ghana. A mixed method of data collection revealed a lack of waste disposal compliance, leading to 40.2% of pollution of the Owabi River. Furthermore, inadequate community engagement (36.6%) in the management of the Owabi River Catchment has influenced the sustainability. The study argues that pollution directly influences almost every aspect of rural livelihoods, ranging from agriculture, fishing, and domestic uses, amplifying vulnerabilities within the communities. Thus, enhancing community involvement, strengthening regulatory frameworks, and investing in advanced water treatment technologies are essential for sustainability.