Investigating the efficacy of green solvents and solvent-free conditions in hydrogen-bonding mediated organocatalyzed model reactions

Abstract

In this study, we have delved into various reactions conducted using green solvents or under solvent-free conditions, employing hydrogen bonding organocatalysis to advance more sustainable practices in chemical synthesis. The outcomes suggest that cyclopentyl methyl ether could potentially replace non-polar organic solvents such as hexane and toluene with comparable enantioselectivity and yields. The non-polar nature of liquefied or supercritical CO₂ restricts its application to reactions that require non-polar solvents. Furthermore, pursuing solvent-free conditions, even without liquid substrates, might result in similar conversion rates with reduced catalyst loading. These findings highlight the potential of exploring solvent-free conditions when enantioselectivity is not of concern. Based on the results, solvent-free conditions and bio-based solvents can serve as viable alternatives to conventional organic solvents without compromising performance. This is expected to influence the way chemists approach reaction optimisation within method development in the field, fostering a broader adoption of environmentally friendly approaches.