Integration of the Biopsychosocial Model in the Management of Developmental Dyscalculia

Abstract

Dyscalculia is defined as a difficulty in the acquisition of basic arithmetic skills that is not linked to low intelligence or inadequate education. The authors proceeded with a systematic review according to the PRISMA (preferred elements for systematic review and meta-analysis) criteria, which included experimental and non-randomised controlled trials, observational research and qualitative research. The authors selected 26 publications that matched the inclusion criteria, from several disciplines (psychology, neuroscience, sociology, education, and medicine), and then categorised the main findings related to the diagnosis and the different interventions used. The results show the effectiveness of psychotherapeutic interventions directed at the cognitive domains concerned and the mobilisation of psychosocial and cognitive resources according to the patient's cognitive functional profile and the severity of the symptoms. Finally, the use of the biopsychosocial approach is important in the identification and early treatment of dyscalculia with the aim of integrated and successful management.