article · RPS Pharmacy and Pharmacology Reports
Nutraceuticals encompass diverse bioactive compounds, including polyphenols and omega-3 fatty acids, which offer promising health benefits. However, their therapeutic effectiveness depends significantly on absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion processes within the human body. Combining these physiological insights with pharmacology allows for the development of tailored nutraceutical interventions aimed at individual health needs. Novel food engineering approaches, particularly encapsulation and nanotechnology, serve as critical mechanisms to enhance the bioavailability of these bioactive substances. Additionally, integrating emerging tools such as artificial intelligence and fostering multidisciplinary collaborations are highlighted as vital steps forward for nutraceutical science. Applying these combined strategies helps advance personalised medicine and supports healthier lifestyle choices across populations.
Many natural health compounds are poorly absorbed or rapidly metabolised by the human body, limiting their health benefits. By investigating how these compounds move through the body and applying advanced delivery systems like encapsulation, scientists can dramatically improve their effectiveness. This paves the way for tailor-made nutritional treatments that better support individual wellness and disease management.
This research informs formulation strategies for nutraceutical, food engineering, and pharmaceutical developers seeking to improve bioactive compound delivery. The primary applications lie in enhanced dietary supplements and personalised medicine products using nanotechnology or artificial intelligence. Because the text presents a conceptual review of delivery methods rather than testing a specific proprietary product, the findings reflect early-stage formulation and design concepts.
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Abstract Objectives Nutraceuticals is a general term for a variety of bioactive compounds such as polyphenols and omega-3 fatty acids which have shown promising ability in the field of health. Efficacy of these drugs somewhat relies on their absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) processes in the body. Methods This review provides a comprehensive understanding of ADME principles blended with the pharmacological insights into design customized nutraceutical interventions dependent on individual well-being. This review discusses absorption dynamics starting from ingestion and excretion and further examines how they relate to a therapeutic outcome. In addition, special focus is paid to breakthrough methods like artificial intelligence and multidisciplinary cooperations among other ways of improving nutraceutical science. Both nanotechnology and encapsulation techniques, together with other novel approaches, aim at improving the bioavailability of foods. This is important for the continuing advancements in food engineering. Key findings Any combination of such strategies will ensure effectiveness of nutraceuticals in personalized medicine, which in turn enables better lifestyle choices for the population. Conclusions It is crucial to add ADME-understanding to pharmacology-based insights into make nutraceutical adjustments according to the situation. Innovations in the forms of AI and multidisciplinary cooperation remain crucial in the progress of nutraceutical science. Methods like nanotechnology and encapsulation are powerful tools of improving bioavailability and tailor-made medicine, which in turn, will be responsible for healthier lives.
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DOI: 10.1093/rpsppr/rqae024
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