Inorganic nanomaterials–based doping and heterojunction for catalysis application

Abstract

The main points of heterojunctions and doping for catalysis applications are outlined in this chapter. Doping produces a new energy level that improves charge transfer and light absorption when it is applied appropriately and evenly. This additional level enhances intrinsic flaws and modifies the shape of the material. ZnO, for example, has a good band edge with respect to redox potentials for oxygen reduction and water oxidation, with the exception of the electron-hole recombination issue. On the other hand, heterojunction formation can prolong electron-hole relaxation without recombination and aid in charge transfer. To further improve the catalytic capabilities, noble metals with S- and Z-scheme heterojunctions can be added as a potential mechanism for charge transfer and visible light harvesting.