Improving Grid Stability and Efficiency with V2G/G2V: A Simulation Study of a Bidirectional Power Flow System

Abstract

the global transportation sector is undergoing a significant shift towards electric vehicles, raising concerns about the electric grid's ability to meet the growing energy demand. This transition could lead to challenges related to increased peak demand for electricity, necessitating innovative solutions for demand management. Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) technology presents a promising solution to these challenges. V2G leverages electric vehicle batteries as energy storage and supply resources. Charging batteries during off-peak hours (G2V) can store excess energy to be utilized during peak demand periods (V2G), contributing to grid stability. Implementing bidirectional energy flow requires intelligent power converters for AC/DC conversion and voltage handling, along with advanced control systems to manage energy flow and ensure safety. The authors suggest employing a "V2G/G2V-based bidirectional converter" to facilitate energy transfer. They used a bidirectional buck-boost converter and an AC/DC converter to model this converter, along with developing an integrated control mechanism. Simulation outcomes revealed the efficiency of the suggested system in managing energy in both V2G and G2V modes.