Implications of long-acting antiretrovirals (LAARVs) for HIV treatment in Sub-Saharan Africa

Abstract

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) represent a global public health challenge that has persisted for decades. While significant advancements have been made in treatment and prevention, HIV/AIDS continues to have a devastating impact on millions of lives worldwide. Long-Acting Antiretrovirals (LAARVs) have emerged as a crucial way to reduce the progression of HIV as well as suppressing its replication. Despite this, the disease seems to be a global health challenge, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa. This review revealed several challenges hindering the widespread implementation of LAARVs. These challenges include a lack of accurate information about LAARVs, persistent societal stigma surrounding HIV, and concerns about their perceived high cost. Additionally, long travel distances, financial constraints, inconvenient clinic appointments, and queues impede regular clinic attendance also play a significant role in the constraints faced by people in Sub-Saharan Africa. Long-Acting Anti-retroviral drugs represent a significant advancement in the management of HIV. This perspective review discusses the potential implications. We briefly highlight the mechanism of action and efficacy, showing its potential to reduce the burden of HIV in Sub-Saharan Africa. This review also aims to inform healthcare providers, researchers, general public, and the government about the opportunities and hurdles of integrating this group of medication into the already existing standard, ultimately controlling HIV and improving the outcomes for people living with HIV in Sub-Saharan Africa.