Implementation of Point-of-Care Testing (POCT) in community pharmacies in Enugu State, Nigeria: A cross-sectional study

Abstract

Background: Pharmacists, especially those in community settings, are well-positioned to offer Point-of-Care Testing (POCT). The information obtained can help pharmacists in disease and medication therapy management. However, POCT implementation in Nigeria remains limited. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the implementation of POCT services by community pharmacies in Enugu State. Methods: A randomised cross-sectional study was conducted using a self-administered, pretested questionnaire. Data were analysed using SPSS version 20 with descriptive and inferential statistics at a p-value < 0.05. Results: A response rate of 92% was achieved. The mean weighted average (MWA) indicated that the practice score was high for blood pressure (MWA 3.68) and blood glucose (MWA 3.09) screenings, while it was low for body mass index (MWA 1.47), HIV (MWA 1.21), and malaria (MWA 1.62) tests. The availability of POCT devices, test kits, and physical space requirements (MWA 3.45), as well as knowledge and skills in performing POCT (MWA 3.34), were the primary factors influencing POCT management. Demographic variables were not significantly associated with the practice of POCT (p-value > 0.05). Conclusion: The study revealed a poor level of POCT practice in community pharmacies, highlighting the need for improvement and expansion of services to support efficient pharmaceutical care delivery.