Impact of Initial Hyperglycaemia on Mortality in Reanimation

Abstract

<i>Objective</i>: to assess the impact of initial hyperglycaemia on the mortality of intensive care patients. <i>Methods</i>: This is a cross-sectional study involving 217 patients. The data was collected from patient files, then collected and stored on pre-established survey sheets. Data were entered into the computer using Epi Info software and analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 21.0 program. The chi-square test (Fisher exact) associated with the risk calculation allowed us to compare the groups of hyperglycemic (HG) and normo-glycemic (NG) patients and also the previously known diabetic hyperglycemics and the non-diabetics. The value of p < 0.05 was considered as the threshold of statistical significance. <i>Results</i>: initial hyperglycaemia is common in intensive care regardless of diabetic status. The mean age of the patients was 44.4 years; the male sex was predominant with a sex ratio of 1.2 (M/F). Diabetics accounted for 14.7%. Polytrauma was the most encountered pathology, followed by surgical pathologies, cerebrovascular accidents (CVA), sepsis and others. The hyperglycemics had presented more deaths than the normo-glycemics, with a significant difference. The long stay was observed more in normoglycemics than in hyperglycemics, with a significant difference. Hyperglycemia in the group of non-diabetic patients was accompanied by higher mortality than that in the group of diabetic patients. <i>Conclusion</i>: Mortality was high in the group of non-diabetic hyperglycemic patients, 88.9% vs 11.1% of hyperglycemic diabetic patients.