Hydrothermal Characteristics-Based Water Purification Model Using Hybrid Nanofluid Flow over Non-Linearly Stretched Permeable Surfaces

Abstract

Sequel to all the published facts on the hydrothermal of pure water on a permeable expanding/contracting surface with thermodynamic irreversibilities convey iron (III) oxide and copper hybrid nanoparticles as applicable in industry and engineering, nothing is known about the importance of viscous dissipation and the Joule heating. The current paper addresses the natural convective flow of pure water, / nanofluid and-hybrid nanofluid, (a novel advanced nanofluid composited of and nanoparticles) induced by a non-linearly stretching permeable sheet with velocity slip using a numerical scheme. The equations obtained are solved numerically via Galerkin Weighted Residual Method (GWRM), in the limiting sense, the present results conform with the existing work. Analyses reveal that a 20% concentration of nanoparticles in a base fluid is more effective in the augmentation of heat transfer than a 10% concentration. Also, the nonlinearity parameter increased the heat transfer rate for the hybrid nanosuspension. The report of this study will be of benefit to chemical engineering and nanotechnology advancement.