Hepatoprotective, Nephroprotective and Hematoprotective Effects of the Mixture of Cissus polyantha Gilg & Brandt and Rytigynia senegalensis Blume in a Model of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Objective The aim of this work was to evaluate the effects of the mixture of Cissus polyantha and Rytigynia senegalensis (CPRS) on hepatorenal function and oxidative and hematological profiles of diabetic rats. Methods Diabetes was induced by a high-fat diet and streptozotocin (35 mg/kg). Diabetic rats were divided into groups as follws: Groups 1 and 2 received distilled water each; Group 3 received metformin (40 mg/kg); Groups 4 and 5 received CPRS (50 and 111 mg/kg, respectively). Hepatorenal biomarkers, oxidative profile, and hematological parameters were evaluated. Results CPRS caused a decrease ( p < .05 to p < .001) in transaminases activity associated with an increase in total bilirubin ( p < .05). CPRS caused a decrease ( p < .05 to p < .001) in urea, uric acid, and creatinine levels. Reduced glutathione level and the activity of catalase and superoxide dismutase were increased ( p < .05 to p < .001) while malondialdehyde level was decreased ( p < .05 to p < .01) in the liver and kidneys of animals treated with metformin and CPRS (50 and/or 111 mg/kg). The red blood cells count and their distribution indices increased ( p < .05 to p < .001) while those of white blood cells and platelets decreased ( p < 0.05 to p < .001) in treated diabetic rats. Conclusions CPRS therefore has antioxidant, hepatoprotective, and nephroprotective properties, and improves the hematological profile of diabetics.