Healthy food choices in Morocco: A survey on knowledge, attitudes, and practices

Abstract

Understanding the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) that shape adult eating behaviors is essential for improving nutrition outcomes. This study addresses this need by examining these factors among Moroccan adults—an area often overlooked in research that has primarily focused on nutrient and energy intake. A cross-sectional online survey was conducted from October 2024 to January 2025 across all the 12 Moroccan regions. A 38-item KAP questionnaire (validated via back-translation, Cronbach's alpha >0.7) was completed by one thousand thirty-five adults. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, analysis of variance, and multiple regression. Participants showed good knowledge (mean score: 4.46/7 ± 1.2), positive attitudes (6.32/8 ± 1.23), and moderate practices (25.83/44 ± 4.69). Women, urban residents, and higher-income groups scored significantly higher ( p < 0.05). Significant correlations linked knowledge, attitudes, and practices ( β = 0.32–0.53 , p < 0.01). Despite adequate knowledge, practices lagged, particularly in rural and lower-income groups. Tailored nutrition education and policies addressing socioeconomic disparities may be warranted. • Most Moroccan adults understand the benefits of fruits and vegetables. • Urban populations showed stronger nutrition knowledge than rural residents. • Women had better nutrition knowledge; men had more positive dietary attitudes. • Across regions, higher income was linked to healthier food habits.