Harnessing Black Soldier Fly Larvae for Sustainable Biofuel Production: A Review of Global Research Trends and Future Directions

Abstract

The growing global demand for sustainable energy and effective waste management solutions has increased interest in innovative biofuel production methods. This study analyzes global research trends in utilizing black soldier fly (BSF) larvae in biofuel production from 2010 to 2023. A comprehensive bibliometric analysis was conducted using the Scopus database and the Bibliometrix R package. The study revealed a significant publication increase, with an annual growth rate of 23.83%. China and Malaysia emerged as leading research hubs, contributing 263 and 178 publications, respectively. Keyword analysis demonstrated a shift from broad exploration to focused studies on biodiesel production, waste management, and circular economy principles. The research field showed a multidisciplinary approach, integrating entomology, biotechnology, and energy engineering. Recent advances highlighted BSF larvae’s efficiency in converting various organic wastes into high‐quality biodiesel and biogas, with promising results in optimizing production processes and enhancing fuel properties. However, challenges persist in scaling up production and ensuring biological consistency. These findings highlight the potential of BSF larvae as a sustainable solution for simultaneous waste valorization and biofuel production, contributing to global efforts in renewable energy and circular economy practices.