Gut microbiota contributes to bisphenol A-induced maternal intestinal and placental apoptosis, oxidative stress, and fetal growth restriction in pregnant ewe model by regulating gut-placental axis

Abstract

Our findings indicate the underlying role of gut microbiota dysbiosis and gut-placental axis behind the BPA-mediated maternal intestinal and placental apoptosis, OS, and FGR. The findings further provide novel insights into modulating the balance of gut microbiota through medication or probiotics, functioning via the gut-placental axis, to alleviate gut-derived placental impairment or FGR. Video Abstract.