Green synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles using Lyptolyngbya foveolarum and Azospirillum brasilense for wastewater treatment

Abstract

Abstract Nanotechnology applications in the treatment of wastewater are becoming a growing trend. These days, the eco-friendly production of nanoparticles is becoming increasingly vital. Among different nanoparticles multiple studies have been conducted on iron nanoparticles because of their strong reducing power and high reactivity. Two types of iron nanoparticles (magnetite Fe 3 O 4 and hematite Fe 2 O 3 ) were synthesized using Lyptolyngbya foveolarum extract and Azospirillum brasilense supernatant. Characterization via UV analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectrum, zeta potential, and (dynamic light scattering) DLS validated successfully synthesized iron oxide nanoparticles including magnetite plus hematite. The current investigation aims to compare the efficacy of each type of iron nanoparticle alone and at different concentrations to eliminate ammonia, nitrate, phosphate, COD, and BOD from wastewater. Synergism between the two types reveals removal efficiency equals 87.68%, 91.87%, 71.9%, 81.75%, and 82% with nitrate, phosphate, ammonia, COD, and BOD, respectively.