"Gluco-Wave” Continuous Monitoring Human Glucose Levels with Microwave Complementary Split Ring Resonators (CSRR)

Abstract

This paper presents a new compact portable planar shape of a microwave resonator sensor. This proposed design enables quick, precise, and blood glucose monitoring for successful diabetes control and prevention. The field of medical diagnostics is particularly interested in learning how the management of diabetes may be altered by continuous noninvasive blood and glucose monitoring. The proposed sensor design utilizes four honeycomb-cell configurations with irregular, curved shapes as complementary split-ring resonators (CSRRs). By passing microwave waves through the body and analyzing the S-parameter signals, one can measure the impact of a chemical on the dielectric characteristics of blood to determine the concentration of glucose. The phase and magnitude of S-parameters are all included in the measurement parameters. This produces a range of assessments of the changes brought on by glucose. To test the sensor’s sensitivity, various sampling procedures are performed on glucose solutions with concentrations ranging from $0 \mathrm{mg} / \mathrm{dL}$ to $350 \mathrm{mg} / \mathrm{dL}$. The improved CSRR sensing element design exposes the glucose samples to strong electromagnetic fields. it has a remarkable sensitivity of 3 $\mathrm{MHz} /(\mathrm{mg} / \mathrm{dL})$ and $0.05 \mathrm{~dB} /(\mathrm{mg} / \mathrm{dL})$ to blood glucose levels, together with good detection capabilities.