Fungicide screening for the management of faba bean gall (<i>Physoderma vacia</i>) disease in Ethiopia

Abstract

Physoderma vacia is recently identified fungi which causes faba bean gall (FBG) in Ethiopia. Although the disease is new to the country, its epidemiology and management is not well known yet. Thus, this study was initiated to select a readily available fungicide/s with high efficacy level against FBG. Field experiment was conducted for two following years at Mush and Degem using RCB-Design with three replications. ANOVA showed significant differences (P ≤ 0.05) between fungicides in disease and yield parameters. Maximum percent severity index (PSI) (47.4 and 81.27%) and area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) (1401.178 and 2367.91%)-days were observed from control, while minimum PSI (13.6 and 37.21%) and AUDPC (387.33 and 1077.17%)-days were noticed from Nativo SC 300 fungicide on both 2019 and 2020 growing seasons, respectively. Moreover, Nativo SC 300 recorded maximum grain yield (kg/ha) 3415.85 in 2019 and 2488.17 in 2020 production year. Conversely, control resulted minimum grain yield (2040.1 and 1130.1 kg/ha) in 2019 and 2020 growing seasons, respectively. However, Amistar xtra 280 SC, Rexdo and Payrazol were phyto-toxic to faba bean per factory recommendations. Spraying Nativo SC 300 fungicide to manage FBG would provide 120.13% grain yield advantage over control.