Functionally graded micro and nanostructures: introduction, modeling, and applications

Abstract

Functionally graded (FG) materials are recently developed composite materials that reflect auspicious characteristics as their properties alter gradually through the geometry of the structures. FG materials therefore preserve the strength of the conventional composite materials and eliminate their weaknesses. Such materials are constructed by changing the chemical compositions, or design attributes from one end to the other end as per the necessity. Current study speculates the properties of the functionally graded Micro/Nano devices. Additionally, basic equations concerning the mechanical properties of these materials are established. Moreover, applications of the FG Micro/Nano materials in different areas such as aerospace, mining, defence, biomechanics and manufacturing sectors are expressed.