Fuel Characteristics of Solid and Gaseous Energy Carriers

Abstract

The characteristics of fuels and any other energy carriers are determined through standard methods, so that these parameters are comparable. The important physico-chemical properties for solid energy carriers are grouped into proximate, ultimate, and combustion properties. Additional characteristics such as chemical components, e.g., lignocelluloses, fats, and proteins including mineralogy of ash, are also used to differentiate solid biofuels. Gaseous fuel carrier properties are specified by stating the gas composition, the health and safety profile, as well as the heating values. Characteristics of coal as a solid fossil fuel and those of the liquid fossil fuels (diesel, petrol, kerosene, etc.) are widely publicized as opposed to the properties of bioenergy carriers and biofuels. An understanding of the properties of solid and gaseous bioenergy carriers facilitates decision-making around the promotion of a balanced energy mix from a climate change mitigation perspective. This information is also helpful in the design of equipment that use the fuel.