From Textile and Mine Waste Into Sustainable, Low‐Cost and Valuable Nanotextile Fabric‐Based Composites Through Electrospinning Technique

Abstract

ABSTRACT The rapid expansion of textile industries has contributed significantly to non‐biodegradable waste generation, presenting a global environmental challenge. Additionally, waste from the mining industry, such as chrysotile serpentine, contributes to this environmental issue. Therefore, this study investigates the possibility of recycling polyamide 6 waste combined with chrysotile serpentine waste to produce nanotextile fabric‐based composite (NTF‐BC). This study highlights the environmental significance of sustainable techniques in waste management specifically within the textile industry. The chrysotile serpentine waste was intensively pulverized into nanoscale particles to eliminate its hazardous fibrous nature and facilitate the electrospinning process. Comprehensive characterization was conducted using various analytical techniques including XRD, XRF, FT‐IR, SEM, BET, and DMA, to explore the properties of prepared fabrics as a function of electrospinning parameters (Ctl.Sp concentration, spinning distance, applied voltage, and flow rate.). SEM analysis indicated optimal fabrication conditions for smoother and more homogeneous NTF‐BC at Ctl.Sp concentration of 7.5%, voltage of 20 kV, spinning distance of 15 cm, and flow rate of 1 mL/h. XRD and FT‐IR analyses showed that increasing the Ctl.Sp ratio, distance, and voltage negatively affected sample crystallinity and favored the α‐form over the γ‐form. In terms of DMA characteristics, the Ctl.Sp ratio and applied voltage positively impacted the E ′ values, with minimal influence from spinning distance and rate. Notably, the highest geometric properties (i.e., S BET and V t ) of the fabricated NTF‐BC were attained at the lowest Ctl.Sp ratio of 5%.