Form and symbolism: a cross-cultural analysis of ancient Chinese and West African traditional figurative sculptures

Abstract

This study looks at the development of figurative sculpture in ancient Chinese and traditional West African sculpture, aiming to preserve insights for future generations. While there has been a burgeoning corpus of scholarly inquiry exploring China-Africa relations, much of the research remains siloed, focusing exclusively on one region’s artistic traditions. The absence of comparative studies examining the intersections of symbolism, and form in the sculptural practices of these regions presents a significant scholarly gap. Addressing this, the study employs qualitative research methods, utilizing stylistic and iconographic analysis to compare the development of selected traditional figurative sculptures. The analysis emphasizes formal aesthetics, including visual elements, posture, defining characteristics, and production principles. Findings reveal that both traditions serve as profound expressions of cultural identity and spiritual beliefs, employing distinct stylistic and iconographic frameworks. Ancient Chinese sculptures emphasize spiritual similitude and symbolic adherence, while West African works often prioritize generic physiognomy and cultural symbolism. By bridging these artistic traditions, the study enhances appreciation for their unique contributions and provides valuable insights into their historical and societal contexts, enriching global art history discourse and fostering a deeper understanding of transcontinental artistic heritage.