Flatness-Based Control of a PV-Battery Hybrid System with PSO and DO-Tuned PID Controllers for DC Bus Voltage Regulation

Abstract

This paper provides a hybrid energy system (HES) comprising a photovoltaic (PV) source and a battery storage bank. In order to provide optimal power flow management and stable DC bus voltage, this system is controlled by a flatness-based energy management controller (EMC), which generates the reference trajectories tracked by PID controllers. Due to the intermittent nature of the PV source, it is essential to tune PID controllers optimally. A comparative study between the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and the dandelion optimizer (DO) used to tune PID controllers under a dynamic load profile. The proposed system is performed using the MATLAB/Simulink software.